An Eerie Figure Can Be Seen In A Photo Of Mary Todd Lincoln

Photographer William H. Mumler claimed that his special brand of photography could offer "peace and comfort to the weary soul." He claimed to all who would listen that he could provide "the bright, effulgent rays of the spiritual sun." Many people thought Mumler was a fraud, but he was successful and notorious enough to lure at least one high-profile client into his studio: Mary Todd Lincoln. The eerie image Mumler created of Mary has puzzled experts to this day.

The "black art" of photography

In 1872 — when Mary posed for Mumler — photography involved a lot of work from the photographer and a lot of patience from the poser. You couldn’t just snap a picture on a whim and be done with it like we do today.

Instead, Mary would have to hold her pose for the picture for at least 60 seconds without moving or changing her expression. Then Mumler had to begin his mysterious chemical process of developing the image... But Mumler's photographs weren’t your average photographs.

Mumler was in the right place at the right time

Mumler had become a notorious figure in the world of photography by 1872. However, he didn't begin his career as a photographer. He was originally an engraver who was only a hobbyist when it came to taking photographs.

But Mumler was getting into photography at just the right time. The first-ever photo used to illustrate a newspaper story was published in 1848, and, as the writer Peter Manseau argued, "they emerged as the standard of proof for whether or not something had actually happened."

He photographed "a girl made of light"

In 2017 The New Yorker described what would become the pivotal moment of Mumler’s career. It came in the early 1860s, and it happened after Mumler took a picture of himself and developed the image.

Mumler then noticed something very peculiar about this particular image. According to author Peter Manseau, the photographer saw “a girl made of light” in the background of the picture. She wasn’t just a random girl, though.

He thought it was his cousin's ghost

Mumler became convinced that he’d captured an image of his cousin’s ghost. The engraver shared what he’d found with a select group of people in his native Boston. That was when his life began to change.

When Mumler showed his "spiritual photograph" to members of the spiritualist community, he reportedly drew gasps and praise from believers. Boston was a hotspot for spiritualism after the horrors of the Civil War — and Mumler's work fit right in.

Spiritualists truly believed in him

Mumler later argued, according to The New Yorker, that he had no idea that the spiritualist community would take him to their hearts. But they were so impressed with Mumler's photography that they started to alert the press.

Before Mumler knew it, the budding photographer was being compared to mediums and clairvoyants. They believed that this man had found a way to contact the dead... and Mumler found a way to capitalize on that.

His photography became his business

Publications such as the Banner of Light and the Herald of Progress ran stories about Mumler's photography — and the publicity was very good for his business. He started a photography studio in earnest.

The belief was that Mumler could take “spirit photographs” for people who were willing to pay $10 for the privilege. This was an extraordinary amount of money — but Mumler was never short of customers in the early days.

The Civil War played a part in it

The Civil War was fresh in society’s memory and had robbed thousands of people of their loved ones. It’s thought that as many as 620,000 people died in the war, and those left behind were left with massive amounts of grief. Spiritualism seemingly offered an answer.

"It was a genuine religious movement that meant a lot to people at a time when the nation was going through mourning and loss like it had never had before," author Peter Manseau told History.com.

He "could take pictures of ghosts"

“Mumler sold himself as someone who couldn’t explain what was happening or why he was chosen to take these pictures,” Manseau explained. “He was as astonished as everyone else that suddenly his camera could take pictures of ghosts.”

Mumler was careful to temper expectations, though. Manseau described how he would tell potential customers that he didn’t “command the spirits” and that they “came and went as they pleased.” 

There were plenty of doubters

You won’t be surprised to hear that there were doubters who cast skepticism on Mumler's claims. J. W. Black, an experienced photographer from Boston, was one of them — and demanded a demonstration from Mumbler.

Black was suspicious that Mumler was manipulating the negative in some way he hadn't thought of. He got in touch with Mumbler and offered to pay him $50 if Mumbler took his picture and found a spirit. Mumbler agreed.

The shot that puzzled the expert

Manseau explained what happened next in his book The Apparitionists: A Tale of Phantoms, Fraud, Photography, and the Man Who Captured Lincoln’s Ghost. "Mr. Black, I have heard your generous offer," Mumler said when he met Black at his studio. "All I can say is, be thorough in your investigations."

Black was indeed thorough. According to Manseau, he inspected Mumler's camera and the plate on which his image would be taken. He even insisted that the plate never leave his sight — even while it was being developed.

A dark outline appeared

Manseau wrote, “Black watched as his own dark outline appeared on the glass, its form not unlike the photograph he had taken of himself seated with his newspaper. But then another shape began to emerge. ‘My God!’ Black said. ‘Is it possible?’”

Black was astonished by the image and asked to keep hold of it. “How much is to pay?” Black asked the photographer. “Not a cent,” Mumler said. Yet Black wasn't the only photographer to try to see through Mumler.

Another photographer raises his doubts

L. H. Hale was another prominent photographer in Boston while Mumler was at work. To try to discredit Mumler, Hale attempted to create his own ghostly images — with only a modicum of success.

“He says he cannot see how they can be produced on the card with only one negative,” the Banner of Light publication reported, “which is the case with all Mumler’s spirit pictures.” But cracks did start to show.

The spirit... of still-living man

On one occasion, as reported in Louis Kaplan's The Strange Case of William Mumler, Spirit Photographer, Mumler took a photo of a woman who said her brother had perished in the Civil War. Mumler then managed to "capture" the ghost on camera.

There was just one issue. The woman later discovered that her brother wasn't dead at all. In fact, he came back from the conflict alive and well. Strangely, though, this did not make her think Mumler was a fraud.

She blamed it on an "evil spirit"

Instead, the lady claimed that “some evil spirit had assumed her brother's form in order to deceive her.” Kaplan described this attitude as common among spiritualists who refused to accept evidence that did not reinforce their beliefs.

Yet this wasn’t even the biggest of the faux pas committed by Mumler. On a separate occasion, a visitor found a problem with one of Mumler’s spiritual photographs that was harder to explain.

A wife with a past

The New Yorker reported that the man was "a stray visitor to the studio [who] identified one of the 'spirits' as his wife." That might have been par for the course in this situation — only the man's wife wasn't dead.

Worse, the wife had actually visited Mumler’s shop for her own photos sometime before she reappeared as a ghostly apparition. In the end, it was these kinds of questions and doubts that forced Mumler to shut up shop.

He was accused of fraud

Mumler remained a notorious figure, though. In 1869 he was actually arrested on a conspiracy to defraud charge and arraigned in the Tombs, New York. At the trial, many people testified both for and against the photographer.

The New York Herald reported that Mumler "blushed occasionally and at some answers," adding, "The blush would hurriedly beam his face as if the statements were deeply affecting him." He was eventually discharged.

His questionable methods continued

The writer Manseau told Snopes in 2021, "[Some] claim [Mumler] died penniless and in disgrace after his trial. This does not seem to be true at all. He had a long varied career after 1869."

We also know, of course, that Mumler went on to take a famous photograph of Mary Todd Lincoln in 1872. This was some three years after his headline-making trial, so it couldn't have affected his practice too much.

Mary Todd was a widow and a grieving mom

By the time Mary posed for Mumler's portrait in 1872, it had been roughly seven years since the assassination of her husband, Abraham Lincoln. It had also been ten years since she had lost her son Willie to typhoid fever.

"Following Willie Lincoln's death in the White House on February 20, 1862, Mary went into a deep, grief-driven depression from which she never really emerged," Christian McWhirter from the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum told Snopes.

A picture with her deceased husband

In the picture that Mumler took, Mary is wearing a dark outfit. Her hands are resting on top of each other, and she has a somewhat blank expression. In the background, a faded image of Abe Lincoln appears to be looming over his wife.

You can see Lincoln’s face looking down toward the edge of the frame. The rest of his body is completely white. But the creepiest aspect of the photo is his hands. They seem to be resting on Mary’s shoulders.

Mumler let the world know about his picture

It seemed Mumler was pretty proud of his image of Mary and her deceased husband. The photographer even took the time to inform the newspapers about its existence. The Boston Herald published a letter Mumler had written to go along with the image.

"You will see the 'ghost-like image' standing behind the lady sitter has both arms in front, one arm being caressingly around the neck, in a perfectly natural manner," Mumler wrote. "To the right is another 'ghost-like image' of a boy, while in the rear is yet another undeveloped form."

Mary tried to conceal her identity

"The lady sitter called on the artist for the purpose of having this picture taken some two weeks since closely veiled, so much so that it was impossible to tell if she was black or white," Mumler continued.

"The veil was not removed until the plate was prepared, and not then until the artist asked her if she intended to have her picture taken with her veil down," Mumler wrote. "She excused herself, removed the veil, and the picture was taken with the result before you."

Mary believed the image

"The lady gave the name as Mrs. Tyndall, which was recorded on the engagement book," Mumler added. "Subsequent events have proved the lady to be Mrs. Lincoln, widow of our lamented president, who the 'ghost-like image' looks like I leave you to judge and draw your own inferences."

"Suffice it to say, the lady fully recognized the picture," Mumler boasted. The paper conceded, "The resemblance of the principal shadowy image upon the plate to the martyred president is certainly unmistakable."

Mary may have taken solace in the image

McWhirter from the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum said Mary had an interest in spiritualism at this time. "For solace, she began to reach out to 'mediums' and other representatives of the 'spiritualist' movement to 'commune' with Willie's ghost," he told Snopes.

"Her husband's assassination only deepened this depression and enhanced her belief in spiritualism, including her interest in Mumler's work," he added. Mary also took part in seances in the White House with a group of spiritualists called the Lauries.

She found solace in the supernatural

According to the White House Historical Association, "There is evidence to suggest that [Mary] hosted as many as eight séances in the White House and that her husband was even in attendance for a few of them."

After one séance, Mary reportedly told her half-sister, “Willie lives. He comes to me every night and stands at the foot of the bed with the same sweet adorable smile that he always has had. He does not always come alone. Little Eddie [her son who died at 4 years old] is sometimes with him.” 

Lincoln was a ghostly figure, too

Yet there have also been many — many — so-called sightings of Abraham Lincoln's ghost in the years following his assassination. To the extent that perhaps his ghostly apparition in Mary’s photo shouldn’t be all that surprising. The eerie sightings began when Calvin Coolidge’s wife Grace saw Lincoln in the Oval Office.

Supposedly, the ghostly figure of the president was near one of the windows looking out at the view. But this was just the first sighting of Lincoln's ghost. Winston Churchill’s alleged brush with the specter was even weirder.

Churchill saw an apparition

In 1940 the British prime minister was staying in the Lincoln Bedroom at the White House. After enjoying a soak in the tub, a naked Churchill allegedly spotted Honest Abe near the fireside.

To this, Churchill apparently remarked, “Good evening, Mr. President. You seem to have me at a disadvantage.” That certainly sounds like something he’d say! The president's reply? He’s said to have smiled before dissipating once more.

Queen Wilhelmina heard a tap at the door

But not everyone took Lincoln’s ghostly appearance as well as Churchill did. Supposedly, Queen Wilhelmina was also in the Lincoln Bedroom a couple of years later when the president made an unexpected appearance. As she slept, the Dutch royal was allegedly woken up by a tap at the door.

Wilhelmina answered the door, only to find none other than Abraham Lincoln standing before her. Reportedly, she passed out from shock. Ronald Reagan and Lady Bird Johnson both sensed Honest Abe around the White House, too.

Why was his spirit lurking?

But why does Lincoln’s spirit supposedly still lurk within the White House’s walls? Is there any kind of explanation? Well, one man tried to answer that question in October 2017. His name’s Jared Broach.

Broach started a tour business called Nightly Spirits that visited haunted locations across America. The president’s former home was on that list. Nightly Spirits won USA Today's best ghost tour in America award twice.

He made new findings

After doing some digging, Broach shared his findings with The Washington Post. “They say Lincoln always comes back whenever he feels the country is in need or in peril,” Broach said.

“They say he just strides up and down the second-floor hallways and raps on doors and stands by windows,” Broach added. “The White House has the best ghost stories, and I’d call them the most verified,” he said. 

A first-person report from Truman

In 1946 President Harry S. Truman wrote about his own ghostly encounter. “I jumped up, opened the door, and no one was there,” Truman wrote in a letter to his wife. “I went out and looked up and down the hall, looked in your room and Margie’s.”

“Still no one, he continued. “I went back to bed, and there were footsteps in your room whose door I’d left open. I jumped and looked, and no one was there! The damned place is haunted.”